Hello!
Welcome to the writing page! To start, here are some rules about writing in English. I will show you how you can write sentences (文書) for paragraphs (節). From there, I will take you step-by-step in how to make longer and interesting paragraphs, and then compositions (作文).
Paragraph sentence writing/節の文書を書いて
First, remember that for paragraphs (節) you are not only writing sentences. You are writing sentences that group and connect together from one topic:
例えば：
My life at my university is good.
I have made many friends here.
The classes are hard.
So far I enjoy this school.
Second, make sure you have the correct spacing between one sentence and another:
My life at this university is good.I have made many friends here.The classes are hard.So far I enjoy this school.
My life at my university is good and I have made many friends here. The classes are hard, but so far I enjoy this school.
Paragraph writing & composition/節を書いて、作文
lllll
In paragraph writing for composition, there are four main points - topic sentences (トピックの文書), comparison and contrast (比較対照), examples and illustration (例え、実例), and conclusions (終わり).
a. Topic sentences (トピックの文書)
This is the first main point!
Topic sentences usually come at the beginning, or close to the beginning, of a paragraph. They clearly and strongly give us a hint about the topic of a paragraph.
例えば：
University is a whole new world for me, and I will tell you how. My life at my university is good and I have made many friends here. The classes are hard, but so far I enjoy this school.
Good topic sentences not only give hints about the paragraph topic, but also make the person reading them want to read more:
University is a whole new world for me, and I will tell you how. My life at my university is good and I have made many friends here. The classes are hard, but so far I enjoy this school. But it is more than just about studying. It is a life unlike the one I had in high school. (…)
b. Comparison and contrast (比較対照)
This is the second main point!
As you go along in your paragraph, you can compare and contrast (比較対照) things to make more interest:
例えば：
University is a whole new world for me, and I will tell you how. My life at my university is good and I have made many friends here. The classes are hard, but so far I enjoy this school. But it is more than just about studying. It is a life unlike the one I had in high school.
そしたら・・・
In high school, I went to school with kids I grew up with from my elementary school days. In my university, however, I go to classes with all different kinds of people, and even some from other countries.
それで：
University is a whole new world for me, and I will tell you how. My life at my university is good and I have made many friends here. The classes are hard, but so far I enjoy this school. But it is more than just about studying. It is a life unlike the one I had in high school. In high school, I went to school with kids I grew up with from my elementary school days. In my university, however, I go to classes with all different kinds of people, and even some from other countries.
Click here for more/ここにクリックしてください：
c. Examples and illustration (例え、実例)
The third main point! This is really important.
As you keep going in your paragraph, you can use examples and illustration (例え、実例) to make things more interesting in your writing:
例えば：
University is a whole new world for me, and I will tell you how. My life at my university is good and I have made many friends here. The classes are hard, but so far I enjoy this school. But it is more than just about studying. It is a life unlike the one I had in high school. In high school, I went to school with kids I grew up with from my elementary school days. In my university, however, I go to classes with all different kinds of people, and even some from other countries. For example, in my history class I sit next to a student from Malaysia. I have never met anyone from Malaysia before, so I am learning as much about culture as I am about history in that class. (…)
To make your topic and examples stronger, you can even break up the paragraph into smaller, separate paragraphs for more interesting effect:
例えば：
University is a whole new world for me, and I will tell you how. My life at my university is good and I have made many friends here. The classes are hard, but so far I enjoy this school. But it is more than just about studying. It is a life unlike the one I had in high school.
(here, make two separate paragraphs)
In high school, I went to school with kids I grew up with from my elementary school days. In my university, however, I go to classes with all different kinds of people, and even some from other countries. For example, in my history class I sit next to a student from Malaysia. I have never met anyone from Malaysia before, so I am learning as much about culture as I am about history in that class. (…)
そしたら・・・
University is a whole new world for me, and I will tell you how. My life at my university is good and I have made many friends here. The classes are hard, but so far I enjoy this school. But it is more than just about studying. It is a life unlike the one I had in high school.
In high school, I went to school with kids I grew up with from my elementary school days. In my university, however, I go to classes with all different kinds of people, and even some from other countries. For example, in my history class I sit next to a student from Malaysia. I have never met anyone from Malaysia before, so I am learning as much about culture as I am about history in that class. (…)
Give more examples as well:
University is a whole new world for me, and I will tell you how. My life at my university is good and I have made many friends here. The classes are hard, but so far I enjoy this school. But it is more than just about studying. It is a life unlike the one I had in high school.
In high school, I went to school with kids I grew up with from my elementary school days. In my university, however, I go to classes with all different kinds of people, and even some from other countries. For example, in my history class I sit next to a student from Malaysia. I have never met anyone from Malaysia before, so I am learning as much about culture as I am about history in that class. It is incredible! In my Japanese class, there are students from eight different countries, and each one of them speak great English. Some of them could already speak two or three other languages before they came to this university.
Show different ideas as well. You can make them into separate paragraphs for stronger effect. From here, you now have the basics of a composition (作文):
University is a whole new world for me, and I will tell you how. My life at my university is good and I have made many friends here. The classes are hard, but so far I enjoy this school. But it is more than just about studying. It is a life unlike the one I had in high school.
In high school, I went to school with kids I grew up with from my elementary school days. In my university, however, I go to classes with all different kinds of people, and even some from other countries. For example, in my history class I sit next to a student from Malaysia. I have never met anyone from Malaysia before, so I am learning as much about culture as I am about history in that class. It is incredible! In my Japanese class, there are students from eight different countries, and each one of them speak great English. Some of them could already speak two or three other languages before they came to this university.
Right now, the university is preparing for the school festival, and I cannot wait to see the food stands they will have and all the different kinds of food from all over the world they will serve. I can sample Indian curry, Turkish kebabs, souvlaki from Greece, and roast pork from Nigeria. Even more, I can also see an Ethiopian coffee ceremony, and try Korean herb tea with some great Taiwanese sweets.
*IMPORTANT POINT: when you give examples or illustrations, you usually group them by their first letters in the alphabet, or by the first letters in the alphabet of the most important words.
You can also group things that go together in a natural way by kind, type, area and/or place (例えば：coffee-tea, fish-rice, family-home, China-Japan など)
I - Indian curry
T -Turkish kebabs
souvlaki from Greece (G)
roast pork from Nigeria (N)
an Ethiopian coffee ceremony (E)
Korean herb tea with some great Taiwanese sweets (K, T) —> herb tea-sweets (herb tea and sweets can often go together), Korea-Taiwan (both in east Asia)
d. Conclusion/終わり
This is the fourth main point!
The conclusion (終わり) is the finish. It sometimes repeats the idea of the topic, in different words, and is a way to end your writing.
例えば：
University is a whole new world for me, and I will tell you how. My life at my university is good and I have made many friends here. The classes are hard, but so far I enjoy this school. But it is more than just about studying. It is a life unlike the one I had in high school.
In high school, I went to school with kids I grew up with from my elementary school days. In my university, however, I go to classes with all different kinds of people, and even some from other countries. For example, in my history class I sit next to a student from Malaysia. I have never met anyone from Malaysia before, so I am learning as much about culture as I am about history in that class. It is incredible! In my Japanese class, there are students from eight different countries, and each one of them speak great English. Some of them could already speak two or three other languages before they came to this university.
Right now, the university is preparing for the school festival, and I cannot wait to see the food stands they will have and all the different kinds of food from all over the world they will serve. I can sample Indian curry, Turkish kebabs, souvlaki from Greece, and roast pork from Nigeria. Even more, I can also see an Ethiopian coffee ceremony, and try Korean herb tea with some great Taiwanese sweets.
There are many more things to say about university life, and this is only one thing. But it is a rich thing that shows how different it is from the world of my high school. Without a plane ticket or a passport, I have already met people from other cultures and places. I am looking forward to the day when I really do have a plane ticket and passport. Where will I go? I do not know, but I am excited to find out.
I hope this helps you to write paragraphs and compositions in English!
Paragraph sentence writing/節の文書を書いて
First, remember that for paragraphs (節) you are not only writing sentences. You are writing sentences that group and connect together from one topic:
例えば：
Second, make sure you have the correct spacing between one sentence and another:
My life at my university is good and I have made many friends here. The classes are hard, but so far I enjoy this school.
Paragraph writing & composition/節を書いて、作文
lllll
a. Topic sentences (トピックの文書)
This is the first main point!
Topic sentences usually come at the beginning, or close to the beginning, of a paragraph. They clearly and strongly give us a hint about the topic of a paragraph.
例えば：
University is a whole new world for me, and I will tell you how. My life at my university is good and I have made many friends here. The classes are hard, but so far I enjoy this school.
Good topic sentences not only give hints about the paragraph topic, but also make the person reading them want to read more:
University is a whole new world for me, and I will tell you how. My life at my university is good and I have made many friends here. The classes are hard, but so far I enjoy this school. But it is more than just about studying. It is a life unlike the one I had in high school. (…)
b. Comparison and contrast (比較対照)
This is the second main point!
As you go along in your paragraph, you can compare and contrast (比較対照) things to make more interest:
例えば：
University is a whole new world for me, and I will tell you how. My life at my university is good and I have made many friends here. The classes are hard, but so far I enjoy this school. But it is more than just about studying. It is a life unlike the one I had in high school.
そしたら・・・
In high school, I went to school with kids I grew up with from my elementary school days. In my university, however, I go to classes with all different kinds of people, and even some from other countries.
それで：
University is a whole new world for me, and I will tell you how. My life at my university is good and I have made many friends here. The classes are hard, but so far I enjoy this school. But it is more than just about studying. It is a life unlike the one I had in high school. In high school, I went to school with kids I grew up with from my elementary school days. In my university, however, I go to classes with all different kinds of people, and even some from other countries.
Click here for more/ここにクリックしてください：
c. Examples and illustration (例え、実例)
The third main point! This is really important.
As you keep going in your paragraph, you can use examples and illustration (例え、実例) to make things more interesting in your writing:
例えば：
University is a whole new world for me, and I will tell you how. My life at my university is good and I have made many friends here. The classes are hard, but so far I enjoy this school. But it is more than just about studying. It is a life unlike the one I had in high school. In high school, I went to school with kids I grew up with from my elementary school days. In my university, however, I go to classes with all different kinds of people, and even some from other countries. For example, in my history class I sit next to a student from Malaysia. I have never met anyone from Malaysia before, so I am learning as much about culture as I am about history in that class. (…)
To make your topic and examples stronger, you can even break up the paragraph into smaller, separate paragraphs for more interesting effect:
例えば：
University is a whole new world for me, and I will tell you how. My life at my university is good and I have made many friends here. The classes are hard, but so far I enjoy this school. But it is more than just about studying. It is a life unlike the one I had in high school.
(here, make two separate paragraphs)
In high school, I went to school with kids I grew up with from my elementary school days. In my university, however, I go to classes with all different kinds of people, and even some from other countries. For example, in my history class I sit next to a student from Malaysia. I have never met anyone from Malaysia before, so I am learning as much about culture as I am about history in that class. (…)
そしたら・・・
University is a whole new world for me, and I will tell you how. My life at my university is good and I have made many friends here. The classes are hard, but so far I enjoy this school. But it is more than just about studying. It is a life unlike the one I had in high school.
In high school, I went to school with kids I grew up with from my elementary school days. In my university, however, I go to classes with all different kinds of people, and even some from other countries. For example, in my history class I sit next to a student from Malaysia. I have never met anyone from Malaysia before, so I am learning as much about culture as I am about history in that class. (…)
Give more examples as well:
University is a whole new world for me, and I will tell you how. My life at my university is good and I have made many friends here. The classes are hard, but so far I enjoy this school. But it is more than just about studying. It is a life unlike the one I had in high school.
In high school, I went to school with kids I grew up with from my elementary school days. In my university, however, I go to classes with all different kinds of people, and even some from other countries. For example, in my history class I sit next to a student from Malaysia. I have never met anyone from Malaysia before, so I am learning as much about culture as I am about history in that class. It is incredible! In my Japanese class, there are students from eight different countries, and each one of them speak great English. Some of them could already speak two or three other languages before they came to this university.
Show different ideas as well. You can make them into separate paragraphs for stronger effect. From here, you now have the basics of a composition (作文):
University is a whole new world for me, and I will tell you how. My life at my university is good and I have made many friends here. The classes are hard, but so far I enjoy this school. But it is more than just about studying. It is a life unlike the one I had in high school.
In high school, I went to school with kids I grew up with from my elementary school days. In my university, however, I go to classes with all different kinds of people, and even some from other countries. For example, in my history class I sit next to a student from Malaysia. I have never met anyone from Malaysia before, so I am learning as much about culture as I am about history in that class. It is incredible! In my Japanese class, there are students from eight different countries, and each one of them speak great English. Some of them could already speak two or three other languages before they came to this university.
Right now, the university is preparing for the school festival, and I cannot wait to see the food stands they will have and all the different kinds of food from all over the world they will serve. I can sample Indian curry, Turkish kebabs, souvlaki from Greece, and roast pork from Nigeria. Even more, I can also see an Ethiopian coffee ceremony, and try Korean herb tea with some great Taiwanese sweets.
*IMPORTANT POINT: when you give examples or illustrations, you usually group them by their first letters in the alphabet, or by the first letters in the alphabet of the most important words.
You can also group things that go together in a natural way by kind, type, area and/or place (例えば：coffee-tea, fish-rice, family-home, China-Japan など)
I - Indian curry
T -Turkish kebabs
souvlaki from Greece (G)
roast pork from Nigeria (N)
an Ethiopian coffee ceremony (E)
Korean herb tea with some great Taiwanese sweets (K, T) —> herb tea-sweets (herb tea and sweets can often go together), Korea-Taiwan (both in east Asia)
d. Conclusion/終わり
The conclusion (終わり) is the finish. It sometimes repeats the idea of the topic, in different words, and is a way to end your writing.
例えば：
University is a whole new world for me, and I will tell you how. My life at my university is good and I have made many friends here. The classes are hard, but so far I enjoy this school. But it is more than just about studying. It is a life unlike the one I had in high school.
In high school, I went to school with kids I grew up with from my elementary school days. In my university, however, I go to classes with all different kinds of people, and even some from other countries. For example, in my history class I sit next to a student from Malaysia. I have never met anyone from Malaysia before, so I am learning as much about culture as I am about history in that class. It is incredible! In my Japanese class, there are students from eight different countries, and each one of them speak great English. Some of them could already speak two or three other languages before they came to this university.
Right now, the university is preparing for the school festival, and I cannot wait to see the food stands they will have and all the different kinds of food from all over the world they will serve. I can sample Indian curry, Turkish kebabs, souvlaki from Greece, and roast pork from Nigeria. Even more, I can also see an Ethiopian coffee ceremony, and try Korean herb tea with some great Taiwanese sweets.
There are many more things to say about university life, and this is only one thing. But it is a rich thing that shows how different it is from the world of my high school. Without a plane ticket or a passport, I have already met people from other cultures and places. I am looking forward to the day when I really do have a plane ticket and passport. Where will I go? I do not know, but I am excited to find out.
I hope this helps you to write paragraphs and compositions in English!
Image credits: Pen and paper - "Line Sheet With Pen" (courtesy of adamr)/Pen on typed paper - "Blank Document Area Shows Copyspace White Background for Note" (courtesy of Stuart Miles)/Thai curry - "Green Curry" (courtesy of tiverylucky)/Puzzle - "Floor With Hand" (courtesy of luigi diamanti)/All images from FreeDigitalPhotos.net
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